Metropolitan governance as organised anarchy: The case of the Paris region
Résumé
The governance of metropolitan areas is, of course, fragmented, messy, and contentious. It involves a multiplicity of individual and collective actors, layered policies, overlapping jurisdictions, bricolage, and gridlock. However, some collective action takes place, some projects are built, and some policies are implemented. This article is part of a body of critical urban governance research that seeks to unpack the non-linear, conflictual, incomplete, and more or less democratic nature of the modes of governance in large metropolitan areas. It builds upon the analysis of policymaking in the Paris region to address this non-linear nature of metropolitan governance. Moving beyond coordination complexity or ungovernability, that mode of governance can be characterised in terms of “organised anarchy”. This is a social territorial world made of loosely coupled organisations, ill-defined or contradictory policy goals, power relations, and sometimes opaque policy processes. We identify four forms of collective action within the organised anarchy that characterises Paris metropolitan governance.
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